The ENL metric measures the smoothness in the homogeneous regions.

Further, we emphasize the significance of principled regularization of the network parameters and prediction.

Layer normalization (LayerNorm) is a technique to normalize the distributions of intermediate layers. It enables smoother gradients, faster training, and better generalizationaccuracy.

Theorem 2. Suppose that the predictive distribution Q has the sufficient ability to approximate the true unknown distribution P, given data is i.i.d. Lm(P,Q) = 0 if and only if P = Q when F is a unit ball in a universal RKHS [13]. Becausetheconfidencelevelp2 p1 is exactly equal to the proportion of samples {y1,,yn} covered by the two-sided prediction interval. B.1 Baselines MC-Dropout (MCD) [12]: A variant of standard dropout, named as Monte-Carlo Dropout. Heteroscedastic Neural Network (HNN) [17]: In this approach, similar to a heteroscedastic regression, the network has two outputs in the last layer, corresponding to the predicted mean and variance for each input xi.